Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant concern among military personnel and first responders, who are often exposed to traumatic events in the line of duty. While about 6% of U.S. adults are diagnosed with PTSD, that number jumps to 15% for paramedics and over 23% for military service members.
Understanding how common PTSD is within these groups is crucial for developing effective support systems and interventions. Moreover, the prevalence of PTSD among these populations highlights the need for ongoing research, targeted mental health services, and increased awareness to ensure those affected receive the help they need.
In this article, we'll take a deeper look into how common PTSD is, what its impacts are, and how it's treated.
What Is PTSD And What Are Its Symptoms and Impact?
First, it's important to define post traumatic stress disorder. PTSD is a mental health condition triggered by witnessing or experiencing a traumatic event. It's a complex disorder that can manifest differently from one individual to another, making it a challenge to understand and diagnose.
The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5) defines PTSD by specific criteria, including:
- Exposure to trauma.
- The presence of intrusive symptoms.
- Avoidance of trauma-related stimuli.
- Significant changes in mood.
Common PTSD symptoms include flashbacks, severe anxiety, uncontrollable thoughts about the traumatic event, and heightened reactivity to stimuli are common. Understanding these symptoms can help in identifying individuals who may be suffering in silence and guide them toward seeking help.
PTSD also has a complex relationship with other mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. Without proper treatment, individuals with PTSD may face significant challenges in their personal relationships, employment, and overall quality of life, emphasizing the need for effective support systems and interventions.
How Common Is PTSD in Veterans?
The prevalence of PTSD among veterans varies significantly, influenced by factors such as the nature of their deployment, combat exposure, and unfortunately, gender. In fact, women veterans are 9% more likely to experience PTSD than male veterans due to higher rates of sexual assault and harassment, according to the National Center for PTSD.
Studies also show that PTSD prevalence is notably high among veterans of recent operations, with estimates suggesting that up to 29% of veterans who served in operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom may suffer from PTSD. These figures point to the critical need for comprehensive mental health support and resources for veterans, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and treating PTSD symptoms early.
The incidence of PTSD is not limited to recent conflicts. Veterans of the Gulf War and the Vietnam War also report significant rates of PTSD, with some estimates suggesting that PTSD affects about 30% of Vietnam War veterans.
Do First Responders Get PTSD?
While they don't see military combat, first responders, including firefighters, police officers, and emergency medical personnel, are at a heightened risk for developing PTSD. This is due to their frequent exposure to traumatic events as part of their job, with around 80% reporting a traumatic experience while on the job.
While there are many support services available within the career services sector of these professions, including mandatory therapies and time off, there are a high number of volunteer first responders who either don't qualify for these services or who aren't required to attend.
How Can You Treat PTSD?
A variety of PTSD treatment options are available, each tailored to meet the individual needs of those affected by this disorder. Therapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), has been shown to be effective in treating PTSD. Medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), can also play a crucial role in managing symptoms. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of symptoms, the individual's preferences, and their overall mental health condition.
Whether it's through VA health care systems for veterans or civilian health care providers for the general population, access to knowledgeable and compassionate care is essential for effective treatment.
Combining everyday care with specific treatments for PTSD can significantly improve symptom management. Lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise, healthy eating, and mindfulness practices, can complement formal treatment plans and help individuals regain a sense of control over their lives. Support from family and friends, along with professional guidance, creates a comprehensive care approach that addresses the multifaceted nature of PTSD, promoting recovery and improving quality of life.
Helpful PTSD Resources
While there are many support services available within the career services sector of these professions, including mandatory therapies and time off, there are a high number of volunteer first responders who either don't qualify for these services or aren't required to attend.
If you or a loved one is in a first responder profession, be sure to ask and be aware of the options available for leave of absence, time off, and therapeutic services, all of which can help catch early warning signs of the disorder and even lower the severity of symptoms.
Check out the valuable resources below for more information:
SAMHSA: Call 1-800-662-HELP
Veterans Crisis Line: 1-800-273-8255, press 1
PTSD Foundation of America: Support groups
CopLine: (Law Enforcement Only): 1-800-267-5463
AllClear Foundation (all First Responders): Text BADGE to 741741 (crisis text line)
Military children are often unsung heroes, quietly facing a slew of unique challenges that come with being part of a military family — from frequent moves and parental deployments to the uncertainty of military life can take a toll on their young lives.
Support during these transitions is not just beneficial; it's essential. On average, military children move between six to nine times during their K-12 education, meaning they must frequently adapt to new schools and make new friends in addition to dealing with the absence of a parent. A network of support can make all the difference in helping them feel secure and understood during these times.
This blog aims to offer a compass for navigating the complexities of military life, specifically focusing on the children who brave this journey. We'll explore practical tips for helping military children manage the changes they face, ensuring they have the tools to adjust and thrive no matter where their family's service takes them.
1. Establishing a Sense of Security
Creating a stable home environment is paramount for military children, who often face a great deal of instability in their external worlds. Parents can foster this stability by maintaining a consistent and comforting home life, where love and security are constant, regardless of the changing circumstances outside.
Consistent routines can serve as anchors in a sea of change. Even when the physical surroundings shift, maintaining familiar rituals and schedules provides a sense of normalcy. This could mean keeping bedtime routines, mealtime habits and even weekend activities as consistent as possible, which helps children feel grounded and secure.
2. Communication is Key
Encouraging children to express their feelings about the changes in their lives is vital. Open dialogue allows them to process their emotions and ensures they don't feel alone in their experiences. Parents should create a safe space for their children to share their worries, excitement and everything in between.
Discussions about military life should be tailored to the child's age and understanding. Younger children might need simpler explanations and reassurances, while older children and teenagers might benefit from more in-depth conversations about the implications of military service. This helps them make sense of their unique lifestyle in a way that's comprehensible and less intimidating.
3. Building Resilience
Teaching coping strategies is an integral part of building resilience in military children. Parents can help by equipping their children with tools to manage stress, such as deep breathing exercises, journaling, or engaging in physical activities. These strategies can empower children to handle their emotions constructively.
Fostering adaptability and problem-solving skills prepares military children to face and overcome the challenges that come their way. Encouraging them to see change as an opportunity for growth, rather than a setback, instills a mindset that can transform obstacles into stepping stones for personal development.
4. Maintaining Social Connections and Support
Keeping in touch with friends and family is crucial for military children, who often leave behind a network of relationships with each move. Encouraging them to maintain these connections provides continuity and a sense of belonging, which can be especially comforting during times of transition.
Leveraging technology has made it easier than ever for military children to stay connected with loved ones, regardless of distance. Video calls, social media, and instant messaging can help bridge the gap, allowing children to sustain friendships and family ties that might otherwise be disrupted by the nomadic nature of military life.
5. Educational Continuity
Navigating school transitions smoothly is a significant concern for military families. Parents can help by gathering records and communicating with both the current and future schools to ensure a seamless transition. Involving children in the process can also give them a sense of control and understanding of the changes ahead.
Utilizing educational resources for military families can greatly assist in maintaining academic continuity. Many organizations and programs are dedicated to supporting the educational needs of military children, offering tutoring, counseling, and scholarship opportunities. Taking advantage of these resources can help mitigate the academic upheaval that often accompanies relocation.
6. Community Involvement
Participating in local events and activities can be a wonderful way for military children to feel integrated into their new surroundings. Whether it's through sports, arts, or volunteering, getting involved helps them form connections and lays the foundation for a supportive social network in their new community.
Finding support in both military and civilian communities is equally important. Military support groups understand the unique challenges these families face, while civilian networks can offer a sense of normalcy and stability. Encouraging children to engage with peers and adults in both spheres can provide a well-rounded support system that appreciates and addresses their diverse needs.
Embracing Change with Courage
These approaches provide a framework for helping military children navigate the complexities of their lives with confidence — but supporting the well-being of military children requires more than any single individual's effort. Parents, educators, and community members alike must actively put these strategies into practice to ensure military kids receive the support they need to thrive.
Navy parental leave policies have undergone significant changes in recent years, offering a more supportive environment for new parents. The recent updates to both Navy paternity leave and maternity leave policies aim to provide parents with the time and resources necessary to welcome a new family member — whether through birth or adoption. ensuring that service members can balance their family responsibilities with their commitment to national defense.
But what exactly do these updates cover, and who is eligible?
Parental Leave in the Navy: What Are the Regulations?
In January 2023, the Department of Defense set forth regulations that allow for a generous 12-week parental leave for military parents. This initiative is part of a comprehensive package designed to support military families during significant life events. For Navy service members, this means an invaluable opportunity to spend time with their newborn or newly adopted child, without the immediate pressure to return to duty.
A key aspect of the updated parental leave policy is the distinction between parental leave and maternity convalescent leave. While maternity convalescent leave is specifically for birth mothers to recover from childbirth, parental leave is more inclusive, extending to non-birth parents, including fathers and adoptive parents. This distinction ensures that all types of families and parental roles are supported, reflecting the diverse nature of the military community.
This policy represents a significant leap forward. Not only does it align with modern family dynamics but it also ensures that all service members, regardless of gender, have the opportunity to bond with their new child.
Access to related resources on military parental leave is readily available through platforms like Military OneSource, providing service members with guidance and support as they navigate the joys and challenges of this new chapter in their lives.
What Are the Details of Military Family Leave Policies?
Comparing the current policy to its predecessors, it's clear that the DoD has made significant strides in providing more comprehensive support for military families. This journey has been legislative as well as cultural.
The inclusion of these expanded parental leave rights in the 2022 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) was a landmark achievement. This act not only solidified the commitment to supporting military families but also ensured that service members did not have to choose between their duty and their family obligations.
The Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard have all since aligned their policies with the NDAA, ensuring that service members across all branches have access to consistent and supportive parental leave options. This uniformity across the services is crucial in maintaining the morale and effectiveness of the armed forces. By allowing service members to take necessary time off for birth, adoption, or foster care, the military not only supports the individual service member but also strengthens the military family as a whole, which is an integral part of morale and the nation's defense infrastructure.
What Other Well-Being Measures Has the DoD Implemented?
In addition to revising parental leave policies, the Department of Defense (DoD) has introduced several other measures aimed at enhancing the well-being of military families.
One such initiative is the introduction of dependent care flexible savings accounts, which allow service members to set aside pre-tax dollars for childcare expenses. This financial tool can significantly ease the burden of childcare costs, making it easier for military families to manage their budgets and ensure high-quality care for their children.
The availability of Pre-K at DoD schools represents another strategy for supporting military families. By providing early childhood education on or near military installations, the DoD is ensuring that service members' children have access to quality educational opportunities from a young age. This initiative not only benefits the children but also provides peace of mind to parents who are often faced with the challenges of finding reliable child care amidst frequent relocations.
The DoD has also set its eyes on streamlining the Exceptional Family Member Program as part of its commitment to family well-being. This program provides vital support to families with special needs, ensuring they have access to the necessary resources and services they need. By making the program more efficient, the DoD is enhancing the quality of life for these families, allowing them to focus more on their loved ones and less on navigating bureaucratic hurdles.
The My Career Advancement Account program offers another example of these DoD efforts by facilitating the portability of professional licenses for military spouses, as well as expanding spouse eligibility. These initiatives recognize the sacrifices made by military spouses and aim to mitigate some of the career challenges they face due to the mobile military lifestyle.
Ultimately, the goal of these initiatives is to ease family life for active-duty military personnel. It's an acknowledgment that a strong and supported family unit is crucial to the readiness and resilience of the armed forces.
How Are You Looking Out for Your Family?
As service members look out for their country, organizations like the Armed Forces Benefit Association (AFBA) ensure they have the support to look out for their families.
Whether it's the loss of a loved one, a significant life event like birth or adoption, or the need for convalescent leave, AFBA offers solutions that honor the service and sacrifice of military members and their families. These offerings are designed to ensure that families are financially protected no matter what.
For active duty military and veterans alike, exploring these coverage options is a step towards securing their family's future. It's about making an informed choice that reflects the love and responsibility they feel towards their loved ones.
Become a member today and join a growing community dedicated to military family support.
The transition from military service to civilian life poses a unique set of challenges. For many veterans, the pursuit of higher education is often a key component of their reintegration into civilian life. It provides them with the opportunity to develop new skills, enhance their knowledge and prepare for a new career path.
However, the financial burden of tuition, books and living expenses can be a significant barrier to entry for many. Without accessible education, veterans may struggle to find their place in a civilian workforce that increasingly demands higher education qualifications.
VA benefits and various scholarships play a pivotal role in making higher education more accessible for veterans. They alleviate some of this financial strain and allow them to focus on their studies rather than how they will pay for school.
Fortunately, there is a wide variety of benefits and scholarships available to veterans, each with its own set of criteria and benefits. In this guide, we'll take a closer look at the federal, state, private and institution-specific benefits and scholarships available to help you plan for your continued education.
Federal and State Education Benefits
The GI Bill offers various programs, such as the Post-9/11 GI Bill and the Montgomery GI Bill, each with its own eligibility criteria and benefits. These benefits can cover tuition and fees, provide a monthly housing allowance, and even offer an annual stipend for books and supplies. To be eligible, veterans typically must have served a minimum period of active duty service, and the benefits can vary depending on the length of service and other factors.
In addition to federal benefits, many states offer their own education benefits for veterans. These state-specific benefits can include tuition waivers, scholarships and grants that can be used at state colleges and universities. Some states also offer benefits for the dependents of veterans, such as children and spouses. These benefits can sometimes be used in conjunction with federal benefits, further reducing the financial burden of higher education.
Private Scholarships and Grants
Private organizations play a significant role in supporting veterans' educational aspirations through scholarships and grants. These organizations range from veteran-specific groups to philanthropic foundations, and they often seek to honor the service of military members by easing their transition to civilian life through education.
Some well-known organizations include the American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW), and the Disabled American Veterans (DAV). Their scholarships can be particularly beneficial as they may fill gaps not covered by the GI Bill or state benefits, such as summer courses or study-abroad programs. Veterans should explore the various private scholarships available to them, as they can be an invaluable resource in funding their higher education.
Institution-Specific Scholarships for Veterans
Many colleges and universities recognize the value that veteran students bring to their campuses and offer dedicated scholarships to support them. These institution-specific scholarships can vary widely in terms of eligibility, award amounts and application requirements. Some schools provide scholarships that cover the full cost of tuition, while others offer smaller awards that can be used to pay for books, housing, or other educational expenses.
When considering these scholarships, veterans should also look at the overall support system the school offers to veteran students. After all, a scholarship is just one aspect of the educational experience, and attending a school that provides robust resources for veterans can be just as important as the financial aid itself.
Consider factors such as the presence of a veterans' resource center, the availability of counseling services,r and whether the school has staff members dedicated to assisting veteran students. By choosing an institution that offers both financial support through scholarships and a supportive environment, veterans can set themselves up for success in their academic pursuits.
Continuing Support For Veterans' Education
We offer the Charles C. Blanton AFBA Family Survivor College Scholarship to surviving family members of eligible fallen AFBA members. More information on this scholarship can be found here. Beyond that, AFBA members and their dependents can apply for scholarships through our partnership with AUSA. More information on these scholarships can be found here.
Military life comes with its own set of unique challenges that can impact a family's financial stability in many ways. The very nature of military service, for example, means families could find themselves moving frequently. This can disrupt employment for spouses, education for children and lead to additional costs that come with moving.
For all these reasons and more, military families need to recognize these unique challenges and address them with a comprehensive financial plan. If you're a member of a military family, read on for tips for creating a financial plan that can help address your needs.
1. Understand your financial situation
First, you need to have a clear sense of your financial situation. Gather key financial information, including income, assets, expenses, debts, savings, and so on.
2. Establish financial goals
Next, you want to consider your short- and long-term financial goals. Do you plan on buying a home? Do you have debt to pay off? It's important to have clarity on these plans as you put together a plan.
3. Create a budget
When developing a budget, you want to account for your regular expenses, such as housing, utilities, groceries and transportation. But you also need to set aside money for your savings and any debt repayment.
Tip: To make setting aside money a lot easier, use automatic transfers to savings accounts and retirement plans.
4. Set up an emergency fund
Given the unpredictable nature of military life, an emergency fund to cover unexpected expenses or loss of income is critical. Your established financial situation and budget should influence the scope of your emergency fund.
Tip: To determine the appropriate size of your emergency fund, calculate your average monthly expenses and multiply that by the number of months you want to cover. The stability of your income, the predictability of your expenses and your current financial obligations are all factors to consider.
5. Know your benefits
As a member of the military, you have access to many benefits that should factor into your family financial plan. Here are just a few not to forget:
- Basic Allowance for Housing (BAH)
- Basic Allowance for Subsistence (BAS)
- Dislocation Allowance (DLA)
- Temporary Lodging Expense (TLE)
- Retailer discounts for military families
- And many more, which can be found here.
Tip: By incorporating your discounts and benefits into your financial plan, you can reduce everyday expenses and put more funds toward savings and debt reduction.
6. Plan for deployments
If there's a chance you'll be deployed, make sure you have a plan in place to manage finances while away from home. Your spouse or a trusted family member should have access to key financial information if you're unable to oversee everything while deployed.
7. Consider education expenses
Whether you, a spouse or children plan to pursue higher education, start saving for tuition and other education expenses. Fortunately, there are education benefits available to military families, such as the GI Bill.
8. Be ready to make changes
Understand that a family financial plan isn't just something you set once and forget about. It will require constant monitoring and adjusting depending on your family's financial situation.
Military discounts are a token of gratitude offered by businesses to the men and women who have served or are currently serving in the armed forces. These discounts are a small way to honor the sacrifices made by military personnel and their families, helping them save significantly on everything from groceries to travel expenses.
To help you take advantage of these savings opportunities, let's take a look at the top 5 discounts available to military servicemembers and veterans.
1. Automotive Discounts
The automotive industry has a long-standing tradition of supporting military personnel through various discount programs. Many car manufacturers, rental companies and insurance providers offer special pricing to active duty servicemembers, veterans and sometimes even their families. These discounts can apply to the purchase of new vehicles and are often in addition to other rebates and incentives available to the general public. Some of the most well-known car brands have structured programs that can save military members thousands of dollars on a new vehicle purchase, making it more affordable to own the car they desire.
2. Retail Benefits
The retail sector offers a plethora of exclusive in-store and online discounts to active-duty military members, veterans and their families. These discounts span across a wide range of brands and products, from clothing and electronics to home goods and sporting equipment. Many stores have a fixed percentage off the regular price, while others may offer special promotions during military appreciation events or holidays. Some online retailers also partner with military discount services to verify servicemember status, which you can then use to access discounts across multiple online stores.
3. Travel and Accommodation Deals
The travel industry is well-known for its support of military personnel through a variety of special offers and discounts. Many airlines provide reduced fares for active duty military members and their families, recognizing the need for affordable travel, especially when it comes to last-minute trips or emergency leave. Hotels and resorts also extend special rates to military personnel, often under a dedicated military discount program. These military rates can result in significant savings on accommodations, whether for leisure, during a PCS, or while on temporary duty.
4. Dining and Entertainment Discounts
Restaurants across the nation express their gratitude to military members by offering military discounts on meals. These discounts can range from a percentage off the total bill to a free appetizer or dessert. Some dining establishments may even offer a completely free meal to servicemembers on certain holidays like Veterans Day. It's a gesture that not only helps servicemembers save money but also gives them a warm welcome and a sense of appreciation from the community.
Entertainment centers like movie theaters and amusement parks also show their support for military members by offering special military pricing on tickets. This discount can make a night out at the movies or even a weekend resort more affordable, allowing servicemembers and their families to enjoy themselves without straining their budget.
5. Financial Services and Banking Perks
Financial institutions often provide tailored services to meet the unique needs of military members, including reduced loan interest rates. These lower rates can apply to mortgages, auto loans and personal loans, helping service members save money over the life of their loans.
Some lenders also offer special programs for military homebuyers, such as VA loans, which come with additional benefits like no down payment and no private mortgage insurance requirements. Active duty service members are encouraged to explore these options to maximize their financial benefits and make borrowing more affordable.
Looking for More Military Member Benefits?
Discover the discounts an AFBA membership has to offer.
Historically, the military has been at the forefront of medical innovation. The necessity of saving lives on the battlefield has led to important discoveries as well as the development of cutting-edge medical techniques and technologies.
Major Walter Reed, for example, led the Yellow Fever Commission in Cuba in 1900, according to the Department of Defense. This commission’s work found that mosquitoes carried Yellow Fever — a discovery that saved countless lives.
Then, there’s the fact that because of wartime medical advancements, the survival rate for wounded and ill soldiers increased from 4% in World War 1 to 50% in World War II, per the U.S. Department of Defense.
The connection between military and civilian medicine is undeniable, as many advancements initially intended for soldiers have found their way into everyday healthcare practices. Let’s take a look at a few additional medical advancements that originated in the military.
Field Triage and Evacuation Systems
Military forces developed efficient triage and evacuation systems to provide timely care to injured soldiers. These systems have been adapted for civilian emergency response, ensuring that critical medical attention is given to those who need it most during such events as accidents and natural disasters. The military’s readiness and protocols for crisis response and disaster management have also been integrated into civilian disaster preparedness and response efforts.
Hemostatic Agents and Blood Clotting Innovations
The military played a significant role in advancing blood clotting technology. Hemostatic agents developed for military use have been instrumental in saving lives on the battlefield. Today, they’re widely used in civilian healthcare to control bleeding during surgery and trauma cases.
Trauma Care and Surgical Techniques
A bit more on trauma — battlefield surgery innovations have led to enhanced emergency surgical techniques in civilian healthcare. Military surgeons’ expertise in dealing with high-stress, trauma-related surgeries has improved outcomes for civilian patients in emergency rooms worldwide.
Prosthetics and Rehabilitation
The military’s dedication has driven innovations in prosthetic limb technology to rehabilitate injured soldiers. These advancements have greatly benefited civilian amputees by providing them with more functional and lifelike prosthetic limbs.
There have been significant advances in prosthetics since 9/11, according to the Military Health System and Defense Health Agency. For example, the Department of Veterans Affairs funded a clinical trial focused on percutaneous osseointegrated prosthesis, or POP implants. These implants are surgically anchored to an individual’s remaining thigh bone. In addition to several benefits compared to traditional prostheses, patients have reported that the POP implants feel like they are a part of them.
Telemedicine and Remote Healthcare
For everyday folks, telemedicine is more common than ever, but they may not realize that the military has pioneered telehealth. This technology has had a substantial impact on rural and underserved civilian populations, improving access to healthcare services. For the military, telemedicine has enabled remote medical consultations and diagnosis for soldiers deployed in remote locations.
Vaccination and Preventive Medicine
The military has played a vital role in vaccine development and distribution, from smallpox to COVID-19. Lessons learned from military-led vaccine research have paved the way for widespread vaccination campaigns and bolstered public health efforts.
In addition to vaccines, the military has excelled in preventive medicine strategies, including disease surveillance and prevention. These strategies have proven effective not only for soldiers but also for civilian populations in preventing the spread of infectious diseases.
February is Black History Month — an important time to recognize and honor the profound contributions and sacrifices of African Americans throughout our nation's history. Despite the immeasurable hardships and discrimination they've faced in a country that had, until around 60 years ago, denied their rights as citizens, African American soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines have continually shown exceptional valor and resilience both on and off the battlefield.
This year, to celebrate and honor our nation's Black service members, we'd like to take a look back at their heroic journeys throughout history, shedding light on their often unsung stories.
The History of African Americans in the Military
From the very inception of the United States of America, Black service members have demonstrated an unwavering commitment, courage and determination to defend the nation. In fact, they've answered the call of duty to serve and sacrifice in every single U.S. war, from the Revolutionary War through Iraq and Afghanistan.
As we commemorate the enduring legacy of African Americans in the military, let's trace their remarkable history from the 1700s to the modern day.
The Revolutionary War
Beginning prior to the Revolutionary War, both free and enslaved Black people rose up against the British during the Boston Massacre. In fact, Crispus Attucks is considered to be the first casualty of the revolution, bravely leading the protest before the tragedy transpired.
Following the Boston Massacre, over 5,000 Black soldiers from all 13 colonies fought for the American cause, seeking the prospect of freedom from both the British and the colonists. Unfortunately, only about 20% of those who served were freed from their bonds.
The Civil War
While Black minutemen and soldiers served in regiments throughout the later 1700s and early 1800s, it wasn't until 1863 that the U.S. government officially allowed African Americans to enlist in the armed forces. However, the Civil War was obviously a turning point for Black military history, as by the end of it, nearly 200,000 Black soldiers had served in the Union Army. Meanwhile, the Confederate Army had recruited a small group of Black soldiers toward the end of the war, but they wouldn't see combat before its end.
The Great Wars
By the time of World War I and World War II, the horrors of chattel slavery had ended, and Black Americans were quickly becoming a much larger part of the nation's military — despite continuing discrimination and segregation. To put it into perspective, the First World War saw over 380,000 African Americans serve in the army, while over 1 million Black men and women served in the second.
Fighting fascism on one front and racism on the other, Black service members demonstrated extraordinary courage and resilience, with legendary groups like the Tuskegee Airmen leaving an indelible mark on history.
Modern Military Diversity
In today's modern military, the landscape has significantly evolved. The U.S. military is continually committed to improving racial diversity and providing equal opportunities for all service members. And with each branch making a more proactive effort to recruit and train a diverse force of soldiers, sailors and airmen, the nation can not only strengthen its capabilities but also reflect the values of equality and inclusion that are so central to America.
Honoring Black Heroes
As we continue into Black History Month, and throughout the year, it's important to take the time to reflect on and commemorate the sacrifices and contributions African Americans have made in the line of duty. Their stories of bravery and determination inspire us all and remind us of the strength found in diversity and unity.
The word "valor" conjures up images of bravery in the face of incredible danger — a description well-suited for service members. But did you know that valor can be stolen?
The Stolen Valor Act is meant to help protect service members and their reputations and identities. It's also a defense against any false claim of military decoration, stopping people from lying about awards, medals or other recognitions. However, like most legislation, the Stolen Valor Act is an ongoing story — one that's about to get more complicated.
Here's everything you need to know about stolen valor and how to protect yourself.
What Is Stolen Valor?
Stolen valor is essentially a lie. It involves falsely claiming military service, rank, recognition or even someone else's identity. While it's not technically illegal to just "make things up" — for example, to impress friends at a party — stolen valor is more complicated than that, which is why it is considered a crime. (So is military impersonation, a similar offense committed willfully, wrongfully and with or without intent to defraud.)
What makes stolen valor so complex? One example is nuance. In some cases, a service member may have received the wrong authorization and could be unknowingly wearing a medal or other decorations inappropriately. That's right: Even active service members can commit an act of stolen valor. These acts are covered under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), while veterans and civilians answer to civilian federal law.
The Stolen Valor Act is a series of attempts to clarify these issues, balancing military service protections with free speech rules. Here's a look at the legislative history:
The Stolen Valor Act of 2005
This legislation made it a misdemeanor to lie about earning any kind of military medal or honor. These lies included wearing, manufacturing and selling any medal without legal authorization. The reasoning was clear: "Fraudulent claims surrounding the receipt of [military honors] damage the reputation and meaning of such decorations and medals." Penalties included fines and imprisonment.
However, the legislation didn't last long. In the United States vs. Alvarez, one of multiple stolen valor cases, state official Xavier Alvarez's legal team argued that these rules infringed upon the First Amendment protection of free speech. In 2012, the Supreme Court declared the legislation unconstitutional.
The 2013 Amendment
In 2013, stolen valor rules came back, this time with a new caveat: The lies in question must result in some kind of tangible benefit before they can be considered legally problematic. This helps focus legislative language on fraudulent activity that isn't protected under the First Amendment.
The new Stolen Valor Act identifies protections for military awards including:
- Congressional Medal of Honor.
- Distinguished service cross.
- Navy cross.
- Air Force cross.
- Silver star.
- Purple Heart.
- Combat Action Badge.
- Combat Action Ribbon.
Penalties include fines, imprisonment for up to one year or both.
"Our nation can never fully express our gratitude for all that our men and women in uniform have experienced on our behalf," said Senator Dean Heller, one of the creators of the amendment, in 2013. "Their acts of valor helped ensure the safety and security of our nation, and the honor of their awards should never be compromised.
A New House Provision
In mid-2023, the House Appropriations Committee released its Fiscal Year 2024 bill, which included a potentially problematic provision for stolen valor laws. This would make it far more difficult to obtain military service records.
The idea is mostly an attempt to defend service member privacy, which is more important than ever in today's world. However, there's a perhaps unintended consequence: It would be incredibly complicated to disprove any fraudulent claim of military service. You could technically get the information if you really needed it, but you'd have to get permission from the service member or their family — and if that didn't work, you'd have to file a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request, which could take months or years to come through.
It's crucial to protect personal information, sure. But opponents of the provision point out that it's equally important to be able to disprove lies that could hurt service members or their families.
How To Spot Stolen Valor
Although ongoing legislation shifts the playing field for the Stolen Valor Act, you can still help spot trouble. Here are a few red flags that someone could be lying about a military honor:
Incomplete Understanding of Military Duties
Military duties are rigorous and highly regulated, as any service member should know. You'd probably be able to list the specifics of your responsibilities even decades after active service. That's why it's often suspicious when someone has an incomplete or incorrect understanding of military duties — whether the tasks they supposedly completed or the functions of the military overall.
If you suspect someone could be committing an act of stolen valor, ask yourself this: Does it sound like they learned everything they know by watching war movies? This kind of surface-level or even flat-out wrong understanding of the military is often a giveaway that you're not hearing the truth.
Of course, if someone is truly dedicated to such lies, they may have done in-depth research. That means this red flag isn't always applicable, and you may need to look elsewhere for signs of deception.
Lack of Details
These days, it's easy to look up details about particular deployments or military operations — but someone who's falsifying their experiences won't have the specifics. They might be purposefully vague, avoiding in-depth discussions and changing the subject, or they might make things up to fill in the gaps. While a civilian may not notice inconsistencies in such a story, service members and their families will likely be the first to suspect that something isn't right.
This is particularly true if the person mentions a particular deployment location and date. Do other service members' recollections line up? There's always a chance that someone has simply forgotten a detail or had a different perspective and experience — but in general, everyone's stories should be similar.
Suspicious Language
There are a few ways to break down someone's language if you suspect stolen valor.
First, consider whether they "talk like a service member." Do they use the right terminology in the right places? Do they treat certain topics, responsibilities and fellow service members with respect? Do they speak about their experiences with familiarity? Everyone's experiences are different, so it can be difficult to know for sure — but trust your gut on this one.
It can also be helpful to remember the context of stolen valor as a legal term. If you were to hypothetically charge someone with this crime, they would have to be getting some kind of tangible benefit from their fraudulent claim. That means they might weave certain kinds of language into their speech or writing. Are they trying to get something from you or others? Do they sound like they're persuading you logically, emotionally or ethically? Can you link anything they're saying or doing to a money-making opportunity?
Protecting Your Valor
Service members and their families shouldn't have to fight for the valor they rightfully earned, but sometimes, it's necessary. That's why you should keep an eye on stolen valor laws and watch out for suspicious activity in on- or offline communities where you can't verify someone's military background. Most importantly, look for any kind of identity theft that could impact your reputation, finances or quality of life.
Podcast popularity has been on the rise in recent years, with millions of listeners and nearly just as many options — and military podcasts are no exception. With so much content, it can feel daunting to search for the perfect series that suits your interests. That's why we took the time to find a few of the best military podcasts across a diverse range of perspectives and topics, from historical viewpoints and foreign policy to personal stories of bravery and courage.
AFBA's Top 5 Military Podcasts
Here are our picks for the top 5 military podcasts:
1. Mentors for Military
The Mentors for Military podcast offers thought-provoking discussions with real people and their stories. Led by a diverse group of 18 veterans, each episode of Mentors offers a captivating glimpse into the experiences of a wide range of servicemembers, from elite forces to Army Rangers.
For those intrigued by military life, this show offers an enlightening view through authentic conversations with veterans. Just sit back and tune in to the engaging conversations they have as if they're sitting with you in your living room.
2. Veteran's PATH
Veteran's PATH is an excellent resource for former military personnel who may be struggling with mental health. Its goal is to help ex-servicemembers find Peace, Acceptance, Transformation and Honor by using practices such as meditation and mindfulness. Not only does Veteran's PATH serve as a vital platform advocating for mental health in the military, but it's also working toward shattering the stigma around these types of issues.
Whether you've considered meditating and you just don't know where to start, or you're curious and want to give it a shot, Veteran's PATH offers a wealth of free content to help you better manage your mental health.
3. Women of the Military
Women of the Military provides a critical platform to elevate the voices of female active-duty servicemembers and veterans. Hosted by the creator of Airman to Mom, Amanda Huffman, each episode exclusively focuses on interviews with women who have served in the military, amplifying their unique stories, experiences and perspectives.
As an Air Force Officer, military spouse and veteran herself, Huffman brings her own background experience to these interesting discussions while covering an array of perspectives. And with a new episode each week, there's plenty of ground to cover and stories to explore.
4. Veterans Chronicles
Veterans Chronicles is a compelling podcast series documenting the remarkable stories of some of America's greatest heroes. Each hour-long episode captures the historical accounts and unique personal narratives of eyewitnesses through in-depth interviews.
Covering moments in military history like D-Day, Hanoi, Baghdad and Fallujah, these stories offer profound insight into the lived experience of our servicemembers, their bravery and the profound impact of their sacrifices. Simultaneously, Veterans Chronicles acts as a living record and tribute to the dedication and valor of our nation's heroes.
5. Military Mom Talk Radio
Finally, our last podcast pick takes a unique perspective on military life. Military Mom Talk Radio offers a supportive and empowering platform for women to share their ideas and concerns around the military lifestyle.
Episodes cover a wide range of topics, such as handling grief, finding a supportive community and more. Through engaging discussions and interviews, hosts Sandra Beck and Robin Boyd help women navigate the complexities of military life, including everything from health care to childcare and eldercare.
Whether you're an active-duty servicemember, a veteran or a civilian, these podcasts serve as important platforms to educate, advocate and gain a deeper understanding of each other and our history.